Projects:RegistrationLibrary:RegLib C03 v3 - Revision history

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2012-04-27T15:37:00Z

moved Projects:RegistrationLibrary:RegLib C03b to Projects:RegistrationLibrary:RegLib C03 v3

Meier: /* Modules */

2012-04-27T15:36:31Z

Modules

Meier at 19:54, 25 April 2012

2012-04-25T19:54:36Z

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2012-04-25T19:53:10Z

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== v3.6.3 [[Image:Slicer363_banner.png|150px]] Slicer Registration Library Case #3: Diffusion Weighted Image Volume: align with structural reference MRI==
=== Input ===
{| style="color:#bbbbbb; " cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="0"
|[[Image:RegLib_C03_Reference_axial.png|150px|lleft|this is the fixed T2 reference image. All images are aligned into this space]]
|[[Image:RegArrow_NonRigid.png|100px|lleft]]
|[[Image:RegLib_C03_Baseline_axial.png|150px|lleft|this is the DTI Baseline scan, to be registered with the T2]]
|[[Image:RegLib_C03_DTIVol_axial.png|150px|lleft|this is the DTI tensor image, in the same orientation as the DTI Baseline]]
|-
|fixed image/target T2
|
|moving image 2a DTI baseline
|moving image 2b DTI tensor
|}

=== Modules ===
*'''Slicer 3.6.3 recommended modules: [http://www.slicer.org/slicerWiki/index.php/Modules:BRAINSFit BrainsFit]''', [http://www.slicer.org/slicerWiki/index.php/Modules:ResampleDTIVolume-Documentation-3.6 Resample DTI Volume], [http://www.slicer.org/slicerWiki/index.php/Modules:DiffusionTensorEstimation-Documentation-3.6 Diffusion Tensor Estimation]
*[[Projects:RegistrationLibrary:RegLib_C03b|for the Slicer 3.6.3 version of this case see here]]

===Objective / Background ===
While this example shares a typical objective of DTI processing, it covers additional issues of a strong initial rotation and strong voxel-anisotropy for the raw DWI image acquired. Goal is to align the DTI image with the structural reference T2 scan that provides accuracte anatomical reference.

=== Keywords ===
MRI, brain, head, intra-subject, DTI, DWI

===Download ===
*Image Data:
**[[Media:RegLib_C03_Data.zip‎|'''RegLib_C03_Data''': main registration package: register DTI (Data,Presets, Transforms, zip file 61 MB) ]]
**[[Media:RegLib_C03_Data_preproc.zip‎|'''RegLib_C03_Data_preproc''':preprocessing package: resample T2, resample & align DWI, convert to DTI (raw and resampled DWI, zip file 228 MB) ]]
**[[Media:RegLib_C03_DATA_results.zip‎|RegLib_C03_DATA_results: resampled DTI (registered DTI, zip file 39 MB) ]]
*Presets:
**[[Media:RegLib_C03_Presets.mrml|'''Presets''' for BRAINSfit registration & resampling (Data, Solution, zip file 12 kB) ]]
**[[Projects:RegistrationDocumentation:ParameterPresetsTutorial|Link to User Guide: How to Load/Save Registration Parameter Presets]]
*Documentation
**[[Media:RegLib_C03_DTI.ppt|'''Tutorial''' (.ppt file 2 MB) ]]
**[[Media:RegLib_C03_DTI.pdf|'''Tutorial as PDF''' (PDF file 2 MB) ]]

===Input Data===
*reference/fixed : T2w axial, 0.4mm resolution in plane, 3mm slices
*moving: Baseline image of acquired DTI volume, corresponds to T2w MRI , 0.9375 x 0.9375 x 1.4 mm voxel size, oblique
*Tensor data of DTI volume, oblique, same orientation as Baseline image. The result Xform will be applied to this volume. The original DWI has 26 directions, the extracted DTI volume has 9 scalars, i.e. 256 x 256 x 36 x 9

=== Overall Strategy ===
:#Resample T2 reference to isotropic voxel size
:#Manually reorient DWI into orientation of T2
:#Resample DWI into new space and into isotropic voxel size
:#Convert DWI -> DTI, incl. mask & baseline extraction
:#Register DTI_baseline to T2 (affine+nonrigid) w/o masking
:#Resample DTI_mask with above transform to build mask for T2
:#Repeat registration above, this time incl. masks and with higher BSpline grid size
:#Resample DTI with above transform
=== Procedures Part I : Preprocessing ===
*'''Note:''' if not interested in the preprocessing steps, download only the main dataset and skip phase I-III.
*'''Phase I: resample T2 to isotropic voxel size'''
##original T2 has 0.5 x 0.5 x 3 mm voxel size, which we resample to 1.2 x 1.2 x 1.2 mm (you may set 1x1x1 if you have sufficient RAM)
##open [http://www.slicer.org/slicerWiki/index.php/Modules:ResampleVolume-Documentation-3.6 ''Filtering / Resample Scalar Volume''] module
##Spacing: enter 1,1,1
##Interpolation: check ''hamming''
##Input Volume: select T2raw, Output Volume: create new, rename to "T2"
##click: Apply
*'''Phase II: Manually align DWI_raw to T2'''
#open [http://www.slicer.org/slicerWiki/index.php/Modules:Data-Documentation-3.6 ''Data''] module
#in MRML tree, select the "Scene" node, then right click & select "Insert Transform Node"
#click on ''MRML Node Inspector'' and rename Xform node to "Xf0_DWI_init"
#drag DWI_raw into the "Xf0_DWI_init" node
#go to "Transforms" module
#select T2 as background and DWI_raw as foreground, set fading slider halfway
#manually adjust transform to align the two volumes, particularly LR rotation and IS translation
#Save
#go to [http://www.slicer.org/slicerWiki/index.php/Modules:ResampleScalarVectorDWIVolume-Documentation-3.6 ''Filtering / Resample Scalar/Vector/DWI''] module
#Input Volume: "DWI_raw", Reference Volume: "T2", Output Volume: "create new Diffusion Weighted Volume", rename to "DWI_Xf0"
#Transform Node: select "Xf0_DWI_Init"
#Click: Apply
#this will correct both the initial misalignment and the anisotropy
#save new DWI_Xf0 to disk
#depending on RAM of your machine, consider deleting the original DWI_raw node
*'''Phase III: DWI -> DTI'''
#open [http://www.slicer.org/slicerWiki/index.php/Modules:DiffusionTensorEstimation-Documentation-3.6 "Diffusion Tensor Estimation"] module
#Input DWI Volume: DWI_Xf0, Output DTI Volume: create new, rename to "DTI"
#Output Baseline: create new, rename to "DTI_base"
#Otsu Threshold Mask: create new, rename to "DTI_mask"
#Estimation Parameters: reduce ''Otsu Omega Threshold" to 0.3
#check boxes for ''Remove Islands'' and ''Apply Mask''
#Click: Apply
=== Procedures Part II : Registration ===
*'''Phase IV: Register DTI (unmasked)'''
#open [http://www.slicer.org/slicerWiki/index.php/Modules:BRAINSFit Registration : ''General Registration (BRAINS)''] module
##''Input Images'': fixed = T2 , moving = DTI_base
##''Output Settings'':
###''Slicer BSpline Transform'' (create new transform, rename to: "Xf1_DTbase-T2_BSpline")
###''Slicer Linear Transform'' none
###''Output Image Volume'' (create new volume, rename to: "DTIbaseline_Xf1"
##''Registration Phases'': select/check ''Rigid'' , ''Rigid+Scale'', ''Affine'', ''BSpline''
##''Main Parameters'':
###increase ''Number Of Samples'' to 200,000
###set ''B-Spline Grid Size'' to 5,5,5
##Leave all other settings at default
##click: ''Apply''; runtime < 1 min.
*'''Phase V: Resample DTI_mask''' (presets: DTI_mask_Xf1)
**we use the above Xform to produce a mask for the T2.
#Open '' [http://www.slicer.org/slicerWiki/index.php/Modules:ResampleScalarVectorDWIVolume-Documentation-3.6 ''Filtering / Resample Scalar/Vector/DWI''] module
##Input Volume: DTI_mask; Output volume: create new volume, rename to "DTI_mask_Xf1"
##Transform Node: "Xf1_DTI-T2_unmasked"
##select/check: ''output-to-input''
##Interpolation Type: select: '''nn'''
##click: Apply
##Go to ''Volumes'' module, select the new "DTI_mask_Xf1", in the ''Info'' tab, check the ''Labelmap'' box
*'''Phase VI:REGISTER DTI TO T2 with masking'''
#open [http://www.slicer.org/slicerWiki/index.php/Modules:BRAINSFit Registration : ''BrainsFit''] module (presets: Xf2_DTI-T2_masked)
##set T2_Xf1 as fixed and DTI_baseline as moving image
###select/check ''Include Rigid registration phase''
###select/check ''Include ScaleVersor3D registration phase''
###select/check ''Include Affine registration phase''
###select/check ''Include BSpline registration phase''
##Output BSpline Transform: create new , rename to "Xf2_DTI-T2_masked"
##Output Volume: create new, rename to "DTI_base_Xf2"
##Registration Parameters: increase ''Number Of Samples'' to 200,000
##Registration Parameters: set ''Number Of Grid Subdivisions'' to 7,7,5
##Control of Mask Processing
###select/check: ''ROI'' (rightmost box)
###Input Fixed Mask: select "DTI_mask_Xf1"
###Input Moving Mask: select "DTI_mask"
##Leave all other settings at default
##click: Apply; runtime < 1 min.
*'''Phase VII: Resample DTI'''
#Load the combined transform (''Add Data'')
#Open the [http://www.slicer.org/slicerWiki/index.php/Modules:ResampleDTIVolume-Documentation-3.6 ''Resample DTI Volume''] module (found under: All Modules)
##Input Volume: select DTI
##Output Volume: select ''New DTI Volume'', rename to ''DTI_Xf2''
##Reference Volume: select ''T2''
##Transform Parameters: select transform "Xf2_DTI-T2_masked''
##check box: ''output-to-input''
##Leave all other settings at defaults
##Click Apply; runtime ~ 2 min.
#Go to the ''Volumes'' module, select the newly produced ''DTI_Xf2'' volume
#under the ''Display'' tab, select ''Color Orientation'' from the ''Scalar Mode'' menu
#set ''T1'' as background and new ''DTI_Xf2'' volume as foreground
#Set fade slider to see DTI overlay onto the T2 image

for more details see the tutorial(s) under Downloads above

=== Registration Results===
{| style="color:#bbbbbb; background-color:#333333;" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="0"
|[[Image:RegLib_C03_AGif_registered.gif|400px|left]]
|-
|baseline to T2 after affine+nonrigid alignment
|}

=== Discussion: Key Strategies ===
*the two images have identical contrast, hence we could consider "sharper" cost functions, such as NormCorr or MeanSqrd. But because of the strong distortions and lower resolution of the moving image, Mutual Information is recommended as the most robust metric.
*often anatomical labels are available from the reference scan. It would be less work to align the anatomical reference with the DTI, since that would circumvent having to resample the complex tensor data into a new orientation. However the strong distortions are better addressed by registering the other direction, i.e. move the DTI into the anatomical reference space.
*in this example the initial alignment of the two scans is very poor. The strongly oblique orientation of the DWI makes an initial manual alignment step necessary. This step should occur '''before''' converting to the DTI to avoid interpolation artifacts.

=== Acknowledgments ===

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 [[Projects:RegistrationDocumentation:UseCaseInventory|Back to Registration Use-case Inventory]] <br>
-== <small>v3.6.3</small> [[Image:Slicer363_banner.png|150px]] Slicer Registration Library Case #3: Diffusion Weighted Image Volume: align with structural reference MRI==
+== <small>v3.6.3</small> [[Image:Slicer363_banner.png|150px]] Slicer Registration Library Case #3: Diffusion Weighted Image Volume: align with structural reference MRI ==
 === Input ===
 {| style="color:#bbbbbb; " cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="0"