User:Barre/ITK Registration Optimization

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ITK Registration Optimization (BW NAC) Project

My (Sebastien Barre) notes so far. Once the dust settles, the relevant sections will be moved to the project pages listed below.

Project

The ultimate specific goal is B-Spline registration optimization for linux and windows on multi-core and multi-processor, shared memory machines. [...] Also, setup tools and a reporting mechanism for ITK speed to be monitored and reported by us and others. BWH is the driving force behind this work.

Contacts

Quick Links

Source Code

 cvs -d :pserver:<login>@public.kitware.com:/cvsroot/BWHITKOptimization login

Enter your VTK <login>, and password, then: 

 cvs -d :pserver:<login>@public.kitware.com:/cvsroot/BWHITKOptimization co BWHITKOptimization

to checkout the code.

Testing Data


Potential Issues with Timing

  • Repository was updated so that it can compile on Unix.

__rtdsc()

CallMonWin includes <intrin.h> to call __rdtsc(), a header that does not exist in Microsoft compilers prior to Visual Studio 8/2005. It seems however that one can call __rdtsc() directly from assembly:

A few articles advises against the use of __rdtsc(), especially in a multicore/multithread context:

The suggested alternative is to use Performance Counters. Hardware counters are actually not an OS feature per se, but a CPU feature that has been around for some time. They provide high-resolution timers that can be used to monitor a wide range of resources:

The issue remains on how to access those counters in a cross-platform way:

  • PAPI: "The Performance API (PAPI) project specifies a standard API for accessing hardware performance counters".
    Stephen/Christian reported that Dual Core CPUs were not supported, but it seems from the release notes for PAPI 3.5 (2006-11-09) that both Intel Core2Duo and Pentium D (i.e. dual core) are indeed supported.

Process Priority

Whatever our choices, several articles also suggest to bump the application's priority to real-time before performing testing to make sure the wall-clock() results are as realistic as possible. It is however very important to set it back to normal.

  • Windows:

See last paragraph. Use GetPriorityClass, SetPriorityClass, GetThreadPriority, SetThreadPriority: 

	DWORD dwPriorityClass = GetPriorityClass(GetCurrentProcess());
	int nPriority = GetThreadPriority(GetCurrentThread());
	SetPriorityClass(GetCurrentProcess(),REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS);
	SetThreadPriority(GetCurrentThread(),THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL);
[...]g
        SetThreadPriority(GetCurrentThread(),nPriority);
	SetPriorityClass(GetCurrentProcess(),dwPriorityClass);
  • Unix:

The getpriority(), setpriority(), and nice() functions can be used to change the priority of processes. The getpriority() call returns the current nice value for a process, process group, or a user. The returned nice value is in the range of [-NZERO, NZERO-1]. NZERO is defined in /usr/include/limits.h. The default process priority always has the value 0 for UNIX. The setpriority() call sets the current nice value for a process, process group, or a user to the value of value + NZERO.

Thread Affinity

We should consider setting the thread affinity to make sure that the starting time is recorded on the same thread as the ending time. Will that constrain the rest of the program to run on a single thread, very good question.

  • Windows:

Using SetThreadAffinityMask. Also check Sleep(0), reported in a few discussions, including this long one.

  • Unix:

Using sched_setaffinity, but seems to be Linux-only (not POSIX).

Test Platforms

The primary target platform at the 8, 16, and 32 processor machines at BWH. However, preliminary tests have been performed on KHQ computers.

KHQ

A full software stack was compiled on several machines at Kitware. Each component was build in two flavors, both shared/debug and static/release:

  • Tcl/Tk 8.4
  • VTK (cvs)
  • ITK (cvs)
  • ITK Applications (cvs)
  • FLTK (1.1 svn)
  • BWHItkOptimization (cvs)

All platforms are so far described in the BWHItkOptimization/Results directory:

Host #CPU CPU Freq RAM Arch OS Login
amber2 2 Pentium Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 64 bits Linux 2.6 (Red Hat Enterprise 4) kitware (ssh, vnc; cd ~/barre)
fury 1 Pentium 4 (hyperthread) 2.8 GHz 1 GB 32 bits Linux 2.6 (Fedora Core 4) barre, jjomier, aylward
panzer 1 Intel Core Duo (dual core) 1.66 GHz 1 GB 32 bits Mac OS X 10.4.8 barre, jjomier, aylward
sanakhan 1 Pentium M 1.8 GHz 1 GB 32 bits Windows XP SP2 barre
tetsuo 1 Pentium D (dual core) 3.2 GHz 2 GB 32 bits Windows XP SP2 barre

Tests

  • LinearInterp: (to describe)

BWH

Systems to be described. We will set up our performancing framework so that it can be run in an automated fashion, using CTest and a dashboard. Running from the spl machine should at that point only require one of us to checkout the code, build and ctest it every night.

Status

  • kcachegrind and timing are being performed on amber2. Stay tuned.
  • valgrind is not supported on x86_64 architecture :( Now using fury instead of amber2.
  • RegTests/RunLinearInterpTest.sh.in is configured automatically to run and times LinearInterp with various combinations of threads, size and factor parameters.
    • It was run on fury (release static): Results/fury.kitware.timings-rel.txt
    • It was run on fury (debug): Results/fury.kitware.timings-dbg.txt
    • It was run on amber2 (release static): Results/amber2.kitware.timings-rel.txt

Action Items

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